Hardware wallets are considered the safest method for storing cryptocurrencies. The two market leaders, Ledger and Trezor, have dominated the space for years – but which solution suits which type of investor?
A detailed comparison of the current models reveals significant differences in security architecture, usability, and value for money. Both manufacturers offer several models with varying feature sets. Ledger currently sells the Nano S Plus (USD 59 in the official shop) and the Nano X (USD 74), while Trezor offers the Model One, Safe 3 (USD 79), and Safe 5 (USD 169). For security reasons, purchasing exclusively through the official manufacturer shops is strongly recommended in order to avoid tampered devices.
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Security architecture: Two fundamentally different philosophies
The core difference between the two manufacturers lies in their security philosophy. Ledger consistently relies on proprietary secure element chips with CC EAL5+ or EAL6+ certification. This technology is also used in passports and credit cards. The hardware components protect private keys against both physical and software-based attacks. The proprietary operating system BOLOS (Blockchain Open Ledger Operating System) runs in isolation on this chip, preventing direct access to sensitive data.
Until 2023, Trezor followed a different approach. Older models such as the Model One and Model T deliberately avoided secure element chips, instead relying entirely on open-source software. This transparency enables external security audits but also made the devices vulnerable to physical attacks. Security researchers repeatedly demonstrated that private keys could be extracted with direct physical access.
With the Safe 3 and Safe 5 models introduced in 2023 and 2024, Trezor executed a strategic shift. Both devices now integrate an EAL6+ certified secure element chip from Infineon (Optiga Trust M) in a dual-chip architecture. The latest model, Safe 7, launched in October 2025, goes even further. It combines the auditable TROPIC01 chip with a second EAL6+ secure element, preparing the device for quantum-resistant cryptography.
In practical terms, Ledger has always offered strong protection against physical attacks, while Trezor has traditionally excelled through full code transparency. The newer Trezor models now combine both approaches.
Supported cryptocurrencies and ecosystem
There are conflicting claims regarding the number of supported assets. Ledger advertises compatibility with over 5'500 cryptocurrencies and more than 15'000 tokens via the Ledger Live software. According to official statements, Trezor supports over 7'000 to 9'000 assets, with the latest Safe 5 and Safe 7 models offering the broadest compatibility. The discrepancy stems from different counting methodologies: native support versus integration through third-party wallets.
More important than absolute numbers, however, is real-world asset support. Both platforms handle Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Dogecoin, and Stellar without issue. Differences emerge when it comes to altcoins. Trezor supports Cosmos (ATOM), including staking, though in some cases only via external wallets. Polkadot (DOT), by contrast, is not supported. Ledger offers broader integration for Binance Smart Chain, Solana, and NFTs directly within Ledger Live.
Staking options also differ. Ledger supports staking for Tezos, Tron, Cosmos, Algorand, Polkadot, Solana, Ethereum, and Osmosis. Trezor supports Algorand, Solana, Cosmos, Cardano, Ontology, and Tezos, though often only through third-party wallets. Direct integration into the manufacturer’s software (Ledger Live versus Trezor Suite) significantly enhances usability.
For investors with diversified portfolios who actively use DeFi protocols or manage NFTs, Ledger delivers a more seamless experience. Trezor is particularly well suited for Bitcoin maximalists and users who prioritize full code transparency.
Usability and hardware features
The operating concepts differ substantially. The Ledger Nano S Plus features a 128x64 pixel display with two-button navigation. Nano X uses the same interface but additionally offers Bluetooth connectivity for mobile use. The Bluetooth connection transmits only public data; private keys never leave the device. The Nano X also includes a 100 mAh battery that provides several hours of runtime.
Trezor differentiates more clearly between entry-level and premium segments. The Model One also uses a two-button interface with a smaller display. The Safe 3 offers an improved interface but retains button-based navigation. Trezor's Safe 5 introduces a color touchscreen with haptic feedback, providing a significant usability improvement. The flagship Safe 7 features a 2.5-inch display with Gorilla Glass 3, Bluetooth, wireless charging, and an aluminum chassis.
Mobile compatibility represents a practical difference. The Ledger Nano S Plus works only with Android devices, while the Nano X supports iOS thanks to Bluetooth. Trezor devices without Bluetooth (Model One, Safe 3, Safe 5) require USB-OTG adapters for mobile use, which limits flexibility.
App capacity also differs. Both Ledger models allow the installation of up to 100 apps simultaneously, sufficient for most users. Trezor takes a different approach: the Trezor Suite software dynamically loads required components, eliminating any app limit.
Value for money and model selection
Both manufacturers follow clearly defined pricing tiers. In the entry-level segment, the Ledger Nano S Plus (USD 59 in the official shop) competes directly with the Trezor Safe 3 (USD 79). Both offer solid security with secure elements but forgo Bluetooth and premium features. The Nano S Plus stands out with its lower price and iOS compatibility via USB, while the Safe 3 emphasizes open-source transparency and an EAL6+ secure element (compared to EAL5+ in the Nano S Plus).
In the premium segment, the Ledger Nano X (USD 74) competes with the Trezor Safe 5 (USD 169). The Nano X offers Bluetooth, iOS compatibility, and a battery with several hours of runtime, making it ideal for mobile use and delivering outstanding value for money. The Safe 5 counters with a color touchscreen, haptic feedback, and Shamir Backup (advanced seed phrase recovery). For power users seeking maximum security and comfort, Trezor also offers the Safe 7 with dual secure element architecture and quantum readiness.
The purchasing decision depends on the user profile. Beginners on a limited budget are well served by the Nano S Plus, provided Android compatibility is sufficient. Mobile-first users with iOS devices will find exceptional value in the Nano X at just USD 74. Security-focused investors who value full code transparency should consider the Trezor Safe 3 or Safe 5. Bitcoin maximalists prioritizing physical security will find the Safe 5 with its EAL6+ chip to be the most robust solution.
Security incidents and practical risks
Neither manufacturer has been immune to security incidents, though the nature of these events differs significantly. Ledger suffered a major data breach in June 2020. Email addresses of over one million newsletter subscribers and physical addresses of approximately 272,000 customers were stolen. The consequences persist into 2025, as criminals continue to exploit the data for sophisticated phishing campaigns. North American users are disproportionately affected, accounting for 42 percent of all victims.
In December 2023, an attacker compromised the Ledger Connect Kit, a software library used for dApp integration. Malicious code was injected, tricking users into signing fraudulent transactions. In September 2025, Ledger CTO Charles Guillemet also warned of an NPM supply-chain compromise affecting packages with over one billion downloads. Importantly, these incidents did not compromise the hardware wallets themselves, but rather the surrounding software infrastructure.
A controversial topic remains Ledger’s “Recover” feature, introduced in 2023. This optional service allows encrypted backup storage of the seed phrase with third-party providers. Critics argue that this contradicts the core principle of hardware wallets and could theoretically be activated later via firmware updates. Ledger emphasizes the optional nature and strong encryption, but trust among some users has been damaged. Trezor has not experienced comparable data breaches.
However, Trezor continues to contend with the legacy of physical vulnerabilities. Older models (Model One, Model T) remain susceptible to seed extraction with direct physical access, though such attacks require specialized equipment. The newer Safe models with secure elements close this gap. In practice, this means Ledger users must remain vigilant against phishing attempts and should never respond to emails or calls from alleged support staff. Trezor users with older models should prioritize physical security, such as storing devices in safes. For both platforms, the rule remains: the hardware itself has not been cracked to date – losses almost exclusively result from social engineering.
Purchase recommendation: The right wallet for every profile
The optimal choice depends on individual priorities. For beginners with Android devices and limited budgets, the Ledger Nano S Plus (USD 59 in the official shop) is a strong recommendation. Broad coin support, seamless Ledger Live integration, and solid security justify the price. iOS users or investors who value mobile flexibility should opt for the Nano X (USD 74). Bluetooth connectivity and battery-powered operation enable convenient use on the go, offering the best value for money.
Security purists and open-source advocates will find a compelling alternative in the Trezor Safe 3 (USD 79). Its EAL6+ secure element is technically superior to the Nano S Plus, while full code transparency enables external audits. For maximum security and usability, the Trezor Safe 5 (USD 169) delivers a comprehensive package: color touchscreen, Shamir Backup, and robust hardware architecture.
Power users focused on future-proof technology should consider the Trezor Safe 7. Its dual secure element architecture with quantum readiness justifies the premium for investors with significant holdings. Wireless charging and premium build quality further enhance its appeal. Bitcoin maximalists who prioritize physical security above all else will particularly benefit from this solution.
Both manufacturers offer mature, high-quality products. Ultimately, the decision comes down to Ledger’s broader ecosystem with seamless integration versus Trezor’s uncompromising open-source philosophy combined with currently leading hardware security. For diversified portfolios with DeFi usage, Ledger tends to be the better choice. For Bitcoin-centric investors with a strong security focus, Trezor is the preferred option.
Important security notice: Hardware wallets should be purchased exclusively through the official manufacturer shops (shop.ledger.com and trezor.io). Devices obtained from third parties or second-hand markets may be compromised. Prices listed are in US dollars according to the official shops. Swiss buyers should factor in additional shipping costs and potential customs duties. Discounts may be available when using the partner links above.
